Prepared by the psychological counsellor Randa Baraka
\nSexual violence against women is a problem widespread throughout the world, and despite its seriousness there is only a little research dealing with this problem.
\nBecause of the particular nature of sexual violence, speaking about this problem is considered one of the difficult subjects.
\nHere is research carried out in the region of South Africa that stated that approximately one woman in every four is subjected to sexual violence from her husband, and that there are more than a third of adolescent girls who suffer from being subjected to sexual violence under coercion.
\nThe serious thing here is the physical and psychological effect resulting from sexual violence on the woman's health. In addition to the physical injuries the woman is subjected to because of this violence, there are other dangers, namely the increased rate of sexual and reproductive problems and their immediate consequences or those that appear in the long term, where their psychological effect is no less serious than their physical effect, whose impact may extend a long way.
\nAmong the consequences resulting from sexual violence are death by suicide, HIV infection, or being killed in defence of honour. Sexual violence can affect the make-up of society as a whole, where the victims suffer from the stigma of shame and from society's rejection of them and of their families.
\nThe assailant feels satisfaction and pleasure while carrying out the sexual act by force, in order to express his desire to show his power and his control over the victim. Many husbands who force their wives to have sex believe that this is a legitimate act because it takes place within the framework of marriage.
\nRape is also used as a weapon in wars and as a kind of attack on the enemy, and as an insult directed at fighting men or women.
\nGovernments also use it as a punishment for violating society's laws, and both women and men are subjected to rape while they are in juvenile centres or prisons.
\nThe concept of sexual violence
\nSexual violence is the attempt to carry out the sexual act in a coercive manner, illegitimate religiously or humanly, on the victim, regardless of the relationship between them or the place in which it happens.
\nThis kind of violence includes psychological intimidation, blackmail or any other kinds of intimidation such as the threat of physical harm, of dismissal from work or of not obtaining work. It also happens when the assailant is under the influence of alcohol, drugs or mental illness.
\nThe forms of sexual violence against women
\n- Being raped by strangers.
\n- A husband's rape of his wife.
\n- Rape at the hands of enemies during wars.
\n- Sexual harassment based on obtaining sex in return for providing a service to the victim.
\n- The sexual assault of psychiatric patients or people with disabilities.
\n- The sexual assault of children.
\n- Forced marriage and child marriage
\n- The denial of means of contraception.
\n- Forced abortion.
\n- Acts of violence against the genitals, including mutilation and forced virginity testing.
\n- Forcing into prostitution for exploitative ends.
\nThe extent to which the limits of the problem are reached
\nThe information on this problem is obtained from the police, medical clinics, non-governmental organisations and scientific research. In general the subject of sexual violence is a thorny subject and the information about it is often incomplete, because many victims do not report what happened to them out of fear of disgrace and reproach from society and of being blamed for a lack of care or of good upbringing.
\nThe factors that make a woman exposed to rape
\n- Society's suffering from poverty, which makes marriage a difficult thing.
\n- Men's use of drugs or alcohol.
\n- Unemployment, which leaves men with excessive free time.
\n- Men's ignorance of how to deal humanely with a wife.
\n- A woman wearing provocative clothes that show her charms.
\nWhat must be done to fight violence or the sexual assault of women
\n- Providing psychological support for women and men.
\n- Setting up programmes of psychological treatment for assailants.
\n- Setting up advanced means of protecting women
\n- Providing the victim with health treatment services and legal protection.
\n- Training women in medical care
\n- Making treatments available for HIV infection
\n- Providing specialised centres for the care of victims.
\n- Setting up campaigns to fight assault
\n- Providing religious and cultural awareness programmes in schools
\n- Judicial reform that protects women<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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